Os pensamentos políticos idealista e realista em face de aspectos de segurança, defesa e desenvolvimento do Brasil contemporâneo

Abstract

The present work is based on realist political thought, a theoretical underpinning of the doctrine of the Superior School of War, and also by the idealistic thinking, antagonistic currents, from which a better understanding of various aspects of the Brazilian national context is sought. According to the theoretical differences of both currents (particularly in the field of Politics, Ethics, International Law and Human Rights), aspects of national security, defense and development in the contemporary period are pointed out. Specifically, (a) symbolic aspects of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988 (CR / 88) are analyzed; CR / 88 constitutional provision on the peaceful use of nuclear energy; CR / 88 constitutional provision on the in-violability of confidentiality of communication; discussion of order in social life; arguments that support the thesis of "demilitarization" of the Brazilian Military Police. The idealist political approach seems to support symbolic aspects of the 1988 Constitution, notably "rights" as opposed to "duties" and other key symbols such as "homeland" and "civism." The articles of the Constitution which are linked to the inviola-bility of the secrecy of communications and the peaceful use of nuclear energy are also largely associated with political idealism. The research seeks to confront them with political realism and the reality of international politics. From the debate on order in social life, we tried to characterize the varied dimensions of disorder experienced by the country at the same time. It also sought to identify the idealistic nature of the arguments about the so-called "demilitarization" of the Brazilian Military Police, a thesis that was also confronted by the realistic political approach and facts and facts of reality.