Reflexões sobre abordagem de reconstrução pós-conflitos: aplicação do poder nacional e relações civis e militares

Abstract

As security and development issues are becoming more relevant in the global environment in this new century, crises that affect world security in conflict zones pose new challenges for the international community. Thus, particularly after the events of September 2001, the approach models for stabilization and reconstruction activities experienced profound changes. Considering recent experiences, it appears that the traditional approach by financing and humanitarian aid, conducted until the late 1990s, has evolved into a more comprehensive and integrated approach to reconstruction and development, as a long-term solution to the new security and stability threats. In this context, the models applied in post-conflict reconstruction and the practices adopted internationally were analyzed, through bibliographic and documentary research on the reconstruction of Kuwait, Afghanistan and Iraq, and the stabilization process in Haiti. From the study of the approaches and structures adopted in reconstruction processes, as well as the debates on the concepts of Whole-of-Government, Comprehensive Approach and interagency operations, potential contributions to employment in future planning and strategies were identified. The results of this work suggest that international experience can contribute positively to the improvement of the Brazilian approach model in post-conflict reconstruction processes.