A composição do Conselho de Segurança da ONU e a viabilidade de sua alteração

Abstract

Since the creation of the United Nations (UN) in 1945, after the end of the Second World War, its Security Council is formed by the same five member countries with permanent seat: United States, France, Russia, China and the United Kingdom. This situation has been questioned by different countries, in block or individualized form, considering the fact that the composition of this UN organ would no longer meet the current reality, in which other countries have influenced the world scenario, especially after the end of the Cold War. Among these countries, there is Brazil that integrates the so-called Group of Four (G-4), alongside with Germany, Japan and India. Through initiatives that are the subject of this monograph, the G-4 seeks to make efforts so that the normative acts governing the UN are altered, in order to enable the entry of new members with a permanent seat in its Security Council. The methodology used comprised a bibliographic and documentary research, and was based, fundamentally, on works by authors who analyze such discussion and documents produced within the UN. The study focuses especially on the positioning of the G-4 and the acts adopted by this bloc of countries in order to modify the composition of the Security Council in recent years. The conclusion indicates that, despite the initiatives adopted by the G-4, there is a lot of resistance on the part of the permanent members of the UN Security Council, which translates into difficulties for an effective change, and therefore it is necessary that this objective is maintained in a more active way so that the recommended changes are achieved.