A atuação curda no combate ao Estado Islâmico (2014 - 2019): a possibilidade de reconhecimento de um Estado curdo nos discursos das coalizões globais

Abstract

This master thesis addresses the Kurdish question during the fight against the Islamic State in Syria and Iraq. The aim of this study is to verify the possibility of legitimizing the Kurdish question through the international recognition of its actions against the Islamic caliphate. The methodology adopted was narrative analysis of the speeches by leaders, spokesmen and ministers from the countries that led the coalition, as well as countries directly involved. The study focused on the role of the Kurds from Syria and Iraq, although in the course of the work, the Kurds from Iran and Turkey are mentioned, as they are also involved. It discusses the Westphalian system, the formation of nation states in the Middle East, the failed states, the formation of coalitions and the critical geopolitics. Finally, it critically analyzes the current situation in the Middle East, pointing the possibility of creating a Kurdish state in the heart of this conflict area. The conclusion indicates that the Kurdish people need to know how to take advantage of international visibility and strengthen their cultural and political connections, to end the atrocities committed against them; and that the creation of a Kurdish state in the middle of the Middle East could put in check many geopolitical problems currently seen in the region.