Fraude documental: uma ameaça transversal à segurança nacional

Abstract

This article seeks to characterize document fraud as a serious threat to National security. The study presents document fraud as an anthropic jeopardy, recognizes as anti-legal conduct by the criminal legal system and capable of causing damage to national assets and interests, especially to those related to social cohesion and national development. This study adopted "security logic", as proposed by Abreu (2018), as the theoretical framework for analyzing the threats against National Security. In this way, legal certainty is identified as the most valuable legal asset affected by document fraud. This study confirms the cross-cutting nature of document fraud, which often presents itself in connection with other serious threats identified by the Brazilian National Intelligence Policy. In this sense, document fraud embodies the driving force of other serious threats, such as organized crime, corruption and terrorism, facilitating their activities. The study also points out the lack of awareness of key strategic decision makers about the seriousness of this threat, resulting in poor alignment between public policies that, in recent years, tried to address the problem of the Brazilian civil identification system's vulnerabilities. Tackling document fraud is presented as a critical factor for Brazil's socioeconomic development and for strengthening National Security. The article alerts for the inherent risks of the public administration's digitalization process, posing document fraud as a key risk factor. At last, it proposes the convergence of schedule and objectives of key state actors in order to build a high document security status in Brazil.